
1. According to Ranke, why must a historian be old?
~ Because the insight one gains from a long life helps one understand history. "But a historian must be old, not only because of the immeasurable extent of his field of study, but because of the insight into the historical process which a long life confers, especially under changing conditions."
@ Because the insight one gains from a long life helps one understand history. "But a historian must be old, not only because of the immeasurable extent of his field of study, but because of the insight into the historical process which a long life confers, especially under changing conditions."
a. So they will fully understand each stage of life and what drives them in each.
b. Every historian must understand every event and the motive forces behind them, which takes time.
c. Because the young are often motivated by emotion.
*d. Because the insight one gains from a long life helps one understand history. 

2. According to Ranke, selfishness and a lust for power
~ According to Ranke, selfishness and a lust for power are not the only motive forces in history. Sources must be examined to the point of there being no path left to follow, only then can conjecture be permitted.
@ According to Ranke, selfishness and a lust for power are not the only motive forces in history. Sources must be examined to the point of there being no path left to follow, only then can conjecture be permitted.
a. are the most important motive forces in history.
b. must be eliminated from the world in order to achieve universal peace.
c. have no influence on the actions of humanity.
*d. are not the only motive forces in history. 

3. Leopold von Ranke and Lorenzo Valla
~ Leopold von Ranke and Lorenzo Valla both taught us to examine historical sources for anachronisms.
@ Leopold von Ranke and Lorenzo Valla both taught us to examine historical sources for anachronisms.
*a. both taught us to examine historical sources for anachronisms.
b. had opposing philosophies of historical writing.
c. could both be described accurately as idealist historians.
d. were both priests in the Catholic church.

4. Ranke's objective of "wie es eigentlich gewesen" (what actually happened)
~ Ranke's objective of "wie es eigentlich gewesen" (what actually happened) demanded exhaustive research into primary sources in order to describe the past for the past's sake.
@ Ranke's objective of "wie es eigentlich gewesen" (what actually happened) demanded exhaustive research into primary sources, in order to describe past for the past's sake.
a. required careful examination of primary sources to discover the economic motives behind historical events.
b. was largely rejected by the academic world at the time.
*c. demanded exhaustive research into primary sources in order to describe the past for the past's sake.
d. was meant as a critique of Marx and Engels.

5. Those who wished to argue that Ranke approached historical writing from a realist perspective should choose which of the following quotations to aid their argument?
~ "...when an investigator has made researches of some extent in authentic records, with an earnest spirit and a genuine desire for truth, though future discoveries may indeed determine certain details more precisely, they can only strengthen his fundamental conception. For Truth can be but One." According to Ranke we can understand the truth behind events, and that historical facts are real and not produced.
@ "...when an investigator has made researches of some extent in authentic records, with an earnest spirit and a genuine desire for truth, though future discoveries may indeed determine certain details more precisely, they can only strengthen his fundamental conception. For Truth can be but One." According to Ranke we can understand the truth behind events, and that historical facts are real and not produced.
*a. "...when an investigator has made researches of some extent in authentic records, with an earnest spirit and a genuine desire for truth, though future discoveries may indeed determine certain details more precisely, they can only strengthen his fundamental conception. For Truth can be but One."
b. "Most of history thus far has dealt with war and peace. But since these aspects of society are never present separately but always together--indeed, determining each other...equal interest must be devoted to all these factors."
c. "This objection would be justified if we would presume to say who is right in every dispute. It is easily possible that, even in the midst of a dispute, we already know clearly which side we would support."
d. "The idea that even historical efforts are directed solely toward the search for that higher principle in phenomena must be rejected."

6. "We merely observe [one] figure (Gestalt) arising side by side with another figure; life, side by side with life; effect, side by side with countereffect. Our task is to penetrate them to the bottom of their existence and to portray them with complete objectivity." In this quotation, Ranke
~ In this quotation, Ranke advocates for impartiality in studying historical events.
@ In this quotation, Ranke advocates for impartiality in studying historical events.
a. advocates seeking the abstract philosophical meaning behind historical developments.
b. advocates for the application of the Hegelian dialectic to analysis of historical developments.
*c. advocates for impartiality in studying historical events.
d. is attempting to describe the methods used by salvation historians.

7. Scientific history is
~ Scientific history is a historiographical style that employs the methodologies of science such as evidence-based analysis, statistics, and experimentation when possible. Ranke is noted as having popularized this methodology.
@ Scientific history is a historiographical style that employs the methodologies of science such as evidence-based analysis, statistics, and experimentation when possible. Ranke is noted as having popularized this methodology.
*a. a historiographical style that employs the methodologies of science such as evidence-based analysis, statistics, and experimentation when possible.
b. a historiographical style invented by Ranke, based on exhaustive research into sources for both truths and inaccuracies.
c. the study of the many disciplines of science and understanding of how those disciplines have changed over time.
d. history that denies any teleology.

8. According to Ranke, historians should
~ According to Ranke, historians should exhibit a universal interest and not just focus on a particular type of history.
@ According to Ranke, historians should exhibit a universal interest and not just focus on a particular type of history.
a. not search for any objective truth in historical events.
b. attempt to understand the world by specializing in a single field of history, such as political history or art history, and allowing future generations to form a deeper understanding of general historical events by using their work.
c. be of a middle age.
*d. exhibit a universal interest and not just focus on a particular type of history.

9. Ranke objected the methods of _____ and the notions of _____.
~ Ranke objected the methods of salvation history and the notions of teleology.
@ Ranke objected the methods of salvation history and the notions of teleology.
a. Karl Marx, historical materialism
*b. salvation history, teleology 
c. scientific history, objective truth
d. past historians, understanding any event

10. Ranke can be classified as
~ Ranke can be classified as a realist. He calls for an inductive method in which exhaustively-collected evidence is examined in order to form a conclusion.
@ Ranke can be classified as a realist. He calls for an inductive method in which exhaustively-collected evidence is examined in order to form a conclusion.
a. a post-modernist.
b. an idealist.
c. a Marxist.
*d. a realist.