
1. The following quotation describes Dilthey's conception of the process of _____? "When something external is given to me, I must supplement it with an inner thought process. Such a task I can fulfill only by means of analogous cases. I thus need (1) to have experienced a series of similar cases, where similar exteriors are found to have such and such inner states as their ground. Given this initial analogy, (2) an inference from analogy is then applied to one such case. (2) Thus, I obtain a reconstruction."
~ The quotation describes Dilthey's conception of the process of understanding.
@ The quotation describes Dilthey's conception of the process of understanding.
a. historical change.
*b. understanding.
c. reconstruction.
d. hermeneutics.

2. "...We want to understand human beings. Regarding all other objects there is an interest to explain; regarding human beings, an interest to understand." In this quotation, "all other objects" refers to
~ In this quotation, "all other objects" refers to the natural world. Being human is all we know; we can understand humans and human society. We can understand things that occur in the natural world (Dilthey is not arguing quite the same point as Vico), but we cannot understand the agency that causes them to occur.
@ In this quotation, "all other objects" refers to the natural world. Being human is all we know; we can understand humans and human society. We can understand things that occur in the natural world (Dilthey is not arguing quite the same point as Vico), but we cannot understand the agency that causes them to occur.
*a. the natural world.
b. written monuments, or written events and ideas.
c. hermeneutics.
d. the rules that govern interpretation. 

3. According to Dilthey, examples of "expository or explicative devices" would be
~ Examples of "expository or explicative device" would be metaphors or generalizations. The metaphor gives one imagery to help one understand a concept. A generalization is an abstraction of meaning inferred from separate data points. For example, a text may tell us that the Spartans were defeated at Thermopylae and that a traitor led the Persian army to a secret path that allowed the Persians to bypass Thermopylae's main defenses. A historian might offer a generalization: military defeats may involve treason.
@ Examples of "expository or explicative device" would be metaphors or generalizations. The metaphor gives one imagery to help one understand a concept. A generalization is an abstraction of meaning inferred from separate data points. For example, a text may tell us that the Spartans were defeated at Thermopylae and that a traitor led the Persian army to a secret path that allowed the Persians to bypass Thermopylae's main defenses. A historian might offer a generalization: military defeats may involve treason.
a. a footnote.
b. the basis of hermeneutics.
c. an introduction.
*d. metaphors or generalizations.

4. Hermeneutics refers to
~ Hermeneutics refers to culturally-derived sets of rules that govern the act of interpretation. For example, in American culture, a smile means the person smiling is happy or pretending to be happy. We have a cultural rule that "smile"="happy." But in Japan, the hermeneutics governing interpretation of "smile" are different. "Smile"="respect." 
@ Hermeneutics refers to culturally-derived sets of rules that govern the act of interpretation. For example, in American culture, a smile means the person smiling is happy or pretending to be happy. We have a cultural rule that "smile"="happy." But in Japan, the hermeneutics governing interpretation of "smile" are different. "Smile"="respect."
a. another term for Dilthey's understanding of the motive forces of historical change.
*b. culturally-derived sets of rules that govern the act of interpretation.
c. an application of rules to written events or ideas in order to create a sense of understanding.
d. something that is studied or acted upon by others, which has no power to represent itself.

5. Understanding, according to Dilthey, originates with
~ Understanding, according to Dilthey, originates with a process in which one studies what someone has recorded and imagines an analogous situation from one's own experience.
@ Understanding, according to Dilthey, originates with a process in which one studies what someone has recorded and imagines an analogous situation from one's own experience.
a. objective and exhaustive study of primary sources.
b. long study of the natural world.
*c. a process in which one studies what someone has recorded and imagines an analogous situation from one's own experience.
d. God.

6. According to Dilthey, what kind of sources are always true?
~ According to Dilthey, works of art are always true. "We can always make mistakes about the motivation of the agents of history; they themselves can spread misconceptions about their own motives. But the work of the great poet or discoverer, a religious genius or an authentic philosopher can never be anything but a true expression of his psychic life; in a human society filled with lies, such a work is always true, and unlike every other objectification registered in signs, it is capable of complete and objective interpretation." 
@ According to Dilthey, works of art are always true. "We can always make mistakes about the motivation of the agents of history; they themselves can spread misconceptions about their own motives. But the work of the great poet or discoverer, a religious genius or an authentic philosopher can never be anything but a true expression of his psychic life; in a human society filled with lies, such a work is always true, and unlike every other objectification registered in signs, it is capable of complete and objective interpretation." 
a. political documents
b. metaphors
c. oral history
*d. works of art

7. Dilthey thought that the means of interpreting the world are 
~ Dilthey thought that the means of interpreting the world are derived from one’s culture and are therefore culturally specific. This causes a problem of interpretation as the humanities scholar translates the experience of one time period or culture into his own cultural frame of reference.
@ Dilthey thought that the means of interpreting the world are derived from one’s culture and are therefore culturally specific. This causes a problem of interpretation as the humanities scholar translates the experience of one time period or culture into his own cultural frame of reference. 
*a. derived from one’s culture and are therefore culturally specific.
b. universal and can be understood no matter the time period.
c. vital in gaining insight to the true form of Hegel's concept of Spirit.
d. only possible through a rigorous study of art.

8. Exegesis is 
~ Exegesis is an application of rules to written events or ideas in order to create a sense of understanding. 
@ Exegesis is an application of rules to written events or ideas in order to create a sense of understanding. 
a. another term for Dilthey's understanding of the motive forces of historical change.
b. the set of rules that is used to interpret written events or ideas.
*c. an application of rules to written events or ideas in order to create a sense of understanding.
d. something that is studied or acted upon by others, something that has no power to represent itself.

9. Which of the following quotations best expresses a process of exegesis?
~ "How impatiently do we listen to many arguments, without any interest in the inner life of the speaker; at other times we passionately attempt to seize the innermost reality of a speaker through his every facial expression, his every word. Yet even the most attentive concentration can develop into a rule-guided procedure - one by which a measurable degree of objectivity can be reached."
@ "How impatiently do we listen to many arguments, without any interest in the inner life of the speaker; at other times we passionately attempt to seize the innermost reality of a speaker through his every facial expression, his every word. Yet even the most attentive concentration can develop into a rule-guided procedure - one by which a measurable degree of objectivity can be reached."
a. "Understanding can attain the universal validity of interpretation only in relation to written documents."
b. "Among expository devices, comparison assumes the highest place. What is the meaning of a simile or metaphor? Far from being a mere artistic device, we are forced by the nature of the linguistic process to use metaphors."
c. "The process of executing a work falls into two parts, meditation and composition. If we call a piece sketchy or formal, this is because there was coo little meditation. Formlessness arises from fullness, from too much meditation, as in the case of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit."
*d. "How impatiently do we listen to many arguments, without any interest in the inner life of the speaker; at other times we passionately attempt to seize the innermost reality of a speaker through his every facial expression, his every word. Yet even the most attentive concentration can develop into a rule-guided procedure - one by which a measurable degree of objectivity can be reached."

10. Dilthey's approach to inquiry was
~ Dilthey's approach to inquiry was empiricist: he believed that all knowledge of objects external to ourselves is derived from sensory experience.
@ Dilthey's approach to inquiry was empiricist: he believed that all knowledge of objects external to ourselves is derived from sensory experience.
a. Hegelian.
*b. empiricist.
c. realist.
d. Marxist.